MongoDB is a popular NoSQL database that stores data in JSON-like documents. It's known for its scalability, flexibility, and ease of use. Python Flask is a lightweight web framework that's ideal for building small to medium-sized web applications. In this article, we'll show you how to use MongoDB with Python Flask.
Step 1: Install the pymongo Driver
To use MongoDB with Python Flask, you'll need to install the pymongo driver, which provides a Python API for interacting with MongoDB. You can install it using pip:
pip install pymongo
Step 2: Connect to MongoDB
In your Flask application code, import the pymongo module and create a connection to your MongoDB database:
from flask import Flask
from pymongo import MongoClient
app = Flask(__name__)
# Connect to MongoDB
client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
db = client['mydatabase']
In the example above, we connect to a MongoDB instance running on localhost on the default port of 27017, and select the mydatabase database. You can replace 'mydatabase' with the name of your own database.
Step 3: Interact with MongoDB Collections
Now that we have a connection to our MongoDB database, we can use the db object to interact with our MongoDB collections. For example, to insert a document into a collection:
@app.route('/add')
def add_document():
mycollection = db['mycollection']
document = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}
result = mycollection.insert_one(document)
return 'Inserted document with id: {}'.format(result.inserted_id)
In the example above, we insert a document with a name and age field into a collection called mycollection. We then return the ID of the inserted document.
You can also use other MongoDB methods to interact with your collections. For example, to find documents in a collection:
@app.route('/find')
def find_documents():
mycollection = db['mycollection']
documents = mycollection.find({'age': {'$gt': 20}})
return 'Found {} documents'.format(documents.count())
In the example above, we find all documents in the mycollection collection where the age field is greater than 20. We then return the number of documents found.
Step 4: Resources for Learning More
To learn more about using MongoDB with Python Flask, here are some resources to check out:
- The official Flask-PyMongo documentation: https://flask-pymongo.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
- The official PyMongo documentation: https://pymongo.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
- "Flask Web Development" by Miguel Grinberg: This book covers Flask and MongoDB, as well as other web development topics.
Conclusion
In this article, we showed you how to use MongoDB with Python Flask. By using the pymongo driver, you can easily connect to your MongoDB database and interact with your collections using Python code. With Flask's lightweight and flexible framework, you can build web applications that scale with ease.
